Psychology
Sara Taghizadeh Hir; Mohammad Narimani; Aghajani Seyfollah; Mehriar Nadrmohammadi; Sajjad Basharpoor
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Brain Stimulation (tDCS) and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation on improving impulsivity in children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.
Materials and Methods: The current research ...
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Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Brain Stimulation (tDCS) and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation on improving impulsivity in children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.
Materials and Methods: The current research design was quesi-experiment with pre-test-post-test and control group. 60 children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly replaced in three groups: experiment 1, experiment 2, and control (20 people in each group). Data were collected using Connors Parent Rating Scale (1978), Raven's Progressive Matrices Test (2000) Test and Barrett's impulsivity questionnaire (1995). The subjects of the first experimental group received Transcranial Direct Current Brain Stimulation (tDCS) and second experimental group also received Captain Log's rehabilitation intervention. The control group did not receive any intervention.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the groups impulsivity (P<0.05). The experimental groups of transcranial direct current brain stimulation (tDCS) and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation had lower impulsivity compared to the control group. Also, by controlling the effect of the pre-test in the two experimental groups, there is significant difference between the two methods of transcranial direct current brain stimulation (tDCS) and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation (P<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be said that the intervention of transcranial direct current brain stimulation (tDCS) and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation was effective in improving the impulsivity in children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, both interventions can be used to improve the impulsivity in children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.
Psychology
shirin ahmadi; sajjad basharpoor; Akbar Atadokht; Mohammad Narimani
Abstract
Introduction: Drug addiction is a chronic brain disease characterized by forced and impulsive drug use. The aim of this study was to structurally model the severity of substance dependence based on affective temperament with the mediating role of inhibition control.Materials and Methods: The research ...
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Introduction: Drug addiction is a chronic brain disease characterized by forced and impulsive drug use. The aim of this study was to structurally model the severity of substance dependence based on affective temperament with the mediating role of inhibition control.Materials and Methods: The research was a correlation of structural equations. The statistical population included all drug addicts who referred to Ardabil addiction treatment camps in 2021. A total of 200 of these individuals responded to the substance abuse severity, affective temperament and inhibition control test (go / no go) by Purposive sampling method. The obtained data were analyzed using smart pls3 software.Results: The results showed that affective temperament had a direct and significant effect on the severity of substance dependence. Also, the indirect effect of affective temperament on the severity of substance dependence was confirmed by the mediation of inhibition control.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the study of affective temperament and inhibition control is a necessary and vital step in management, prognosis and prevention of dependence and substance use.
Mehdi Poorkord; Abbas Abolghassemi; Mohammad Narimani
Volume 16, Issue 4 , January and February 2010, , Pages 181-188
Abstract
Background and Purpose: There is a tendency in adolescents with poor social skills and low self-efficacy for substance use to tackle problems. The purpose of the present research was to determine the relationship of social skills and self-efficacy with the tendency for substance use in adolescents.
Materials ...
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Background and Purpose: There is a tendency in adolescents with poor social skills and low self-efficacy for substance use to tackle problems. The purpose of the present research was to determine the relationship of social skills and self-efficacy with the tendency for substance use in adolescents.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive correlational study involved the population of first- and second-grade high school students in the vulnerable regions in Ardabil, Iran. The research sample consisted of 321 students from the vulnerable areas in Ardabil, Iran who were randomly selected for the study. Matson Social Skills Scale, Sherer’s Self-efficacy Inventory, Scale of aAttitude towards Substance Use and Tendency to Substance Use Checklist were used for data collection. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses in SPSS 14, with the significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results showed the mean scores of social skills to be 132.15, Self-efficacy 81.85 and tendency to substance use 21.30. There were significant relationships between social skills (r=-0.57) and self- efficacy (r=-0.42) with tendency to substance use in adolescents. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that aggression, nonsocial skills, general self-efficacy and appropriate social skills accounted for 47 percent of variance of tendency to substance use. Conclusion: Based on the findings, social skills and self-efficacy are related to tendency to substance use in adolescents.